最富有的85人誇耀等同為全球財富的一半
（是的，我們的35億人所有總合）
Richest 85 Boast Same Wealth as Half the World (Yep, 3.5 Billion of Us, Combined)
Posted by Stephen Cook on January 21, 2014 / Comments Off
Illustration: Cathy Wilcox
Stephen: Two stories here. One about this probably unsurprising revelation. The other looking at just who these 85 people are.
斯蒂芬：兩個故事在這裡
一個關於這個或許不足為奇的啟示。
另一文則檢視一下眼前這85人。
By Gareth Hutchens, SMH.com - January 21, 2014
http://tinyurl.com/lzec6lg
中文翻译: 林琚月20140114 http://blog.sina.com.cn/rebeccahjlin
http://vera2013rl.pixnet.net/blog
Eighty-five people control the same amount of wealth as half the world’s population. That is 85 people compared with 3.5 billion.
八十五人控制的財富等同於數量的一半的世界人口所有總合。這是85人所擁有與35億人的比較。
A new report from Oxfam (which you can read here) has been published in time for the World Economic Forum in Davos this week (see separate story today). It shows the world’s ultra-wealthy have not only recovered from the global financial crisis, they have positively blossomed.
樂施會Oxfam（你可以在這裡閱讀）一份新的報告已經發表在時間的世界經濟論壇在達沃斯這個星期（請參見今天另一單獨的故事文）。它顯示了全球超富裕不僅從全球金融危機中恢復過來，而且他們還積極地開花了。
The report shows the wealth of the 1 per cent richest people in the world is worth about $US110 trillion, 65 times the total wealth of the bottom half of the world’s population.
該報告顯示，財富的1％的最富有的人在世界上是價值約$ US110兆，是底部的世界人口一半的65倍，總財富。
It also shows the world’s richest 85 people control about $US1.7 trillion in wealth, equivalent to the bottom half of the world’s population.
它也顯示了世界上最富有的85人控制約$ US1.7兆億美元的財富，相當於底部的世界人口的一半。
And far from hindering the wealthy, the political response to the global financial crisis – including the actions of central banks and the austerity measures introduced by national governments – has made the rich fabulously richer.
並且根本就不受阻礙的富人們，對全球金融危機的政治反應是 - 包括央行的行動和各國政府推出的緊縮措施 –
已經讓富人們取得了更驚人的財富。
In the US, the wealthiest 1 per cent of the population grabbed 95 per cent of post-financial crisis growth between 2009 and 2012, while the bottom 90 per cent became poorer.
在美國，人口中最富有的1％的搶下95％的2009年和2012年間金融危機後的財富成長，而同時間內人口下面的百分之90變得更窮。
But an Oxfam survey of six countries – the United States, UK, Spain, Brazil, India and South Africa – has found that the majority of people believe laws and regulations are skewed in favour of the rich, so people are noticing.
但樂施會Oxfam調查六國 - 美國，英國，西班牙，巴西，印度和南非 - 發現，多數人認為法律法規偏向於富人的，
所以人們都注意到了。
It has called on the world’s powerful meeting in Davos to try to stem the tide of rising inequality.
它在達沃斯世界的強權會議上呼籲，試圖遏制日益嚴重的
不平等的潮流。
It says seven out of 10 people live in countries where economic inequality has increased in 30 years.
它說，十個人中有七個人生活在國家的經濟上不平等上, 已經在過去30年內增加了的國家之中。
”Given the scale of rising wealth concentrations, opportunity capture and unequal political representation are a serious and worrying trend,” the report says.
鑑於財富集中上升，機會捕捉和不平等的政治代表的規模是一個嚴重和令人擔憂的趨勢，“報告說。
”This massive concentration of economic resources in the hands of fewer people presents a significant threat to inclusive political and economic systems.”
這種大規模的, 在人少的手中的. 經濟資源的集中現象 ~~呈現出顯著的威脅 --- 對政治和經濟制度的整體現象而言“。
Economists say the rise in global inequality is not surprising.
經濟學家說，上升的全球不平等並不足為奇。
The US Federal Reserve’s multibillion-dollar bond-buying program was singled out as a major driver of the increase in wealth inequality.
美國聯邦儲備委員會的數十億美元的債券購買計劃被挑出來作為增加財富的不平等的主要驅動力。
“The distribution of wealth has been widening, both before and after the financial crisis,” Bank of America chief economist Saul Eslake said.
“財富的分配已經日益加深，在金融危機之前和之後，”
美國銀行首席經濟學家索爾Eslake說。
”And although I don’t criticise the policies on these grounds, I think it’s fairly apparent that the policies that are being pursued, particularly by central banks, in an attempt to revive major advanced economies after the financial crisis, have probably contributed to widening the distribution of wealth.”
雖然基於這些理由我不批評這些政策，我認為實施這些政策的原因是相當明顯的，特別是央行，試圖在金融危機後復甦主要先進經濟體的政策，都可能有助於擴大財富分配。“
Frank Stilwell, Emeritus Professor at Sydney University, said he was not surprised there was inequality of that magnitude, but he wondered if Davos would be the forum to address it.
弗蘭克·史迪威，名譽教授，悉尼大學，說他並不感到驚訝有如此巨大的差距，但他想知道，如果達沃斯論壇是否是這個可以解決這個問題的論壇。
”It should be a matter of public concern, within and between nations, because this concentration among the ultra-wealthy I think is pretty well documented within countries,” Professor Stilwell said.
它應該是公眾關注的問題，內部和國家之間，因為超富裕的集中我覺得是國家內部相當有據可查的，“史迪威教授說。
”The bigger question is if the World Economic Forum and its member participants can do anything about these trends is another matter.”
更大的問題是，假如世界經濟論壇及其成員的參與者可以做任何有關這些趨勢的任何事情的話 --- 這又是另一回事“。
Sign the petition to “The World’s Leaders: Tell Us the Truth in 2014″ today at: https://www.change.org/en-AU/petitions/the-world-s-leaders-tell-us-the-truth-in-2014. – and share it everywhere! Via Facebook, Google+,Twitter, email, blogs etc
簽署請願書，“世界領導人：請告訴我們真相，在2014年
The financial divide. Illustration: Frank Maiorana
The financial divide. Illustration: Frank Maiorana
The World’s Most Exclusive Club
Steve Colquhoun, SMH.com – January 21, 2014
世界上最高級專屬的俱樂部
It’s the world’s most exclusive, most powerful club and the price of admission is steep – $US12.7 billion ($14.42 billion) to be precise.
它是世界上最高級專屬的，最有權勢的俱樂部，門票價格是陡峭的 - $ US12.7億更精確點說（$14.42億）。
It has 85 members, who between them control assets totalling $US1.7 trillion – the same amount, according to a new Oxfam report, as that shared by the 3.5 billion people who make up the bottom half of the world’s population.
它有85個成員，他們之間都控有資產總額達US1.7兆美元 - 相同金額，根據一項新的樂施會報告 ---
那剛好是由底部的世界人口一半35億人所共享的。
The combined wealth of the 85 is believed to be greater than Australia’s entire GDP, which was listed at $US1.56 trillion by the United Nations in 2012.
這85人的總財富被認為是大於澳大利亞的整個國內生產總值，這是列在$ US1.56兆美元由聯合國在2012年宣佈的。
The singular wealth of American tech pioneer Bill Gates, who with $US77.1 billion is listed by Bloomberg as the world’s richest man, exceeds the GDP of one of the US’s nearest neighbours, Cuba.
美國高科技先驅比爾·蓋茨，他有$ US770.1億被彭博列為世界上最富有的人，奇異的財富超過了一個美國的最近鄰居，
古巴的國內生產總值。
The Microsoft co-founder is one of 34 US citizens among the world’s top 85 billionaires, with his compatriots also taking seven spots in the top 10 on Bloomberg’s rich list.
微軟聯合創始人是34名美國公民的世界頂級85億萬富翁中的一個，與他的同胞一起位列前10名彭博的富豪榜中的七名。
However, both Gates and fellow American rich-lister Warren Buffett (No.4 with $US58.9 billion) are also noted for their philanthropy, donating many millions each year to charitable causes.
然而，無論蓋茨和美國同胞富利斯特沃倫·巴菲特（第4號與$ US58.9億）也因他們的慈善事業而出名，
每年捐贈幾百萬到慈善事業。
Other notable names hovering near the top of the world’s most luxurious totem pole include Mexican telecommunications tycoon Carlos Slim (No.2, $US69.6 billion), Spanish co-founder of the Zara fashion chain Amancio Ortega (No.3, $US64.8 billion), Swedish Ikea founder Ingvar Kamprad (No.5, $US52.8 billion) and American co-founder of Oracle Larry Ellison (No.8, $US43.9 billion).
其他值得注意的名字包括了世界上最豪華的圖騰柱的頂端包括墨西哥電信大亨卡洛斯·斯利姆（第2號，$ US69.6億），Zara的時尚連鎖阿曼西奧·奧爾特加（第3號，$ US64西班牙聯合創始人0.8億），瑞典宜家創始人英格瓦·坎普拉德（5號，$ US52.8億）和美國甲骨文拉里·埃里森（8號，$ US43.9億）的共同創辦人
Google co-founder Sergey Brin and Facebook co-founder Mark Zuckerberg are ranked the world’s 17th and 26th richest individuals respectively.
谷歌聯合創始人Sergey Brin和Facebook聯合創始人馬克·扎克伯格都名列世界第17及26位分別最富有的人。
Russia adds 10 of its citizens to the top 85, led by 37th-ranked investor Alisher Usmanov ($US19.8 billion). Germany and India each contribute five, and France and Hong Kong add four.
俄羅斯增加了10公民入頂端的85人,在第37屆排名第一的投資者阿利舍爾·烏斯馬諾夫（$ US19.8億）的帶動下。德國和印度各出了五人，法國和香港添加四個。
Only one Australian is a member of the “85 club” – Gina Rinehart’s wealth is estimated at $US15.2 billion, ranking her the world’s 61st richest person.
只有一個澳大利亞人是“85俱樂部”的成員 - 吉娜萊因哈特的財富估計為$ US15.2億，她排名世界第61個最富有的人。
Her personal fortune is estimated to exceed the GDP of 78 countries including Jamaica, North Korea and Iceland.
她的個人財富估計超過78個國家的國內生產總值，
包括牙買加，朝鮮和冰島。
She is ranked the world’s eighth-richest woman, with a total of 10 females among the world’s top 85 billionaires including Laurene Jobs, the widow of Apple co-founder Steve Jobs, at No.82 ($US13 billion).
她的排名是世界第八大富豪的女人，以總共10位女性在世界頂級的85億萬富豪中，包括勞倫斯喬布斯，蘋果聯合創始人史蒂夫·喬布斯的遺孀，在82號（$ US13億）之間
The Oxfam report also warns the concentration of wealth is actually far greater than it can list, estimating that $US18.5 trillion – a figure greater than the GDP of the world’s richest country, the US – sits unrecorded and hidden in offshore tax havens.
樂施會的報告還警告說，財富的集中實際上是遠遠大於它可以列出，估計是$ US18.5兆美元 - 這個數字比世界上最富有的國家，美國的國內生產總值更大 - 坐在未記錄和隱藏在離岸避稅天堂中.
Here’s Bloomberg’s list of the Top 200 as at January 17, 2014: http://www.bloomberg.com/billionaires/2014-01-17/ada
Sign the petition to “The World’s Leaders: Tell Us the Truth in 2014″ today at: https://www.change.org/en-AU/petitions/the-world-s-leaders-tell-us-the-truth-in-2014. – and share it everywhere! Via Facebook, Google+,Twitter, email, blogs etc.
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